Similarly Shaped Products

Quenching and Tempering

Quenching is done to increase the hardness of metals. Although quenching increases hardness, it also makes the metal less tough and more brittle, so tempering is often performed after quenching to restore some of the material's toughness.

Annealing

Annealing softens the material and improves material ductility by removing some of the deformation caused by work hardening.

Normalizing

This heat treatment is performed to remove the internal deformation of a product caused during a forming process, to restore the metal structure to its normal state, or to make its crystal grains finer. It also enhances the strength and ductility of metals.

Carburizing

This heat treatment hardens the surface of material. The degree of hardening depends strongly on the amount of carbon, which means that only the surface of a product can be hardened while allowing its internal structure to remain soft. This technique is commonly used to provide products with both wear resistance and toughness properties.

Nitriding

This heat treatment exposes iron or a titanium alloy to a high-temperature nitrogen atmosphere to allow nitrogen to diffuse into the surface of the metal, thereby hardening the surface. The process causes little change in material dimensions and enables the manufacture of products with superior wear resistance.